Antenna.



R. H. MARRIOTT.

ANTENNA.

APPLIUATION FILED APR.B,1910.

97%,@@49 v Patented 00t.4,1910.

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ira4 sans ROBERT H. MRRIOTT, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, .ASS-IGNOR TO THE UNITED WIRE- LESS TELEGRAPVH COMPANY,v OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF WIAINE.

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ANTENNA.

Specification of Letters Patent. y j Pari-,gutted @43117, 4, 11910.

Application filed April 8, 1910. Serial No. 554,294.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT H. MARRIOTT, a citizen of the United States, residin at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and tate of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in'Antennae; and 1 do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the in` vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention rela-testoantennae for use in wireless communication and has for its object to provide a plurality of antennael having dierent natural periods, any one or more of which may be used for receiving purposes; while all the antennae may act together as a unit for sending purposes. This construction permits the operator to tune by simply connecting in the circuit that particular antenna to which the receiving tuner circuits best respond when the wave from the sending station impinges thereon;

and it enables the operator to lessen the interference by grounding those antennae which respond best to the interfering waves or impulses. Furthermore, while the several receiving antennae are practically insulated fromeach other by short spark gaps when receiving, they are practically connected together by means of said gaps when traversed by the high voltage sending currents, so that in sending the combined antennae act together, and like one large antenna.

My invention will be better understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which the figure is a diagrammatic view of the antennae wires, spark gaps, switches, sending apparatus, receiving apparatus, and connections, constituting my invention.

In said drawings the numerals 1 to 31 inclusive, represent the individual wires makin up the several receiving antennae indivi ually designated by the letters A, B, C, D, E, F and Gr, and which are connected during sending by thespark gaps g g to constitute a single antenna. For example A re resents a receiving loop antenna inade up o the wires 1, 2 and 3. Likewise therewith said conductor when sending.

`ceiving loop antennae B, C, E, F, and G, are

made up respectively ofthe wires 6, 7, 8; 11, 12, 13; 18, 19, 20; 23, 24, 25; 28, 29, 30; while receiving loop'antennee D is made up of wires 16, 31 and 17 with the additional wires 4, 5, 9, 10, 14, 15,21, 22, 26 and 27. It will thus be seen,l therefore, that loop D is not a pure loop like the others, since it has these various eXtra wires of different lengths f attached to it. These wires, of course, increase the capacity and inductance of the loop D and thereby give it alonger S17 S37 S67 Sa7 S117 S137 S167 S17; S187 S207 S23, S25, ,S, an Sm, represent single pole double' throwswitches which serve to connect any one or more of the wires 1, 3, 6, 8, 11., is, i6, i7, i8, 2o, es, 25, es and 29 to either of the conductors 33 or 34. Conductor 33 is` connected by switch B3 through a variable inductance 40, in inductive relation with the inductance 41 joined to a variable condenser 42. A ground,43 is also joined to the inductance 40, through the variable condenser 44.

From what has been so far disclosed it is evident that the horizontal wires 2, 7, 12, 19, 24 and 30, as well as the spark gaps g g may be so located with respect to the various vertical. wires as to form individual loop antennae having any desired natural periods, and that any one or more 'of these antennae may through the switches S1to S29, be joined at will to the ground 43 of the-receiving circuit or to the wire 34 connected to.

receiving circuit. 34 represents a conductor connected through switch B2 to a ground 45, preferably throu h a variable inductance 46 as shown. he Wire 32 connects through a variable inductance 50 to a ground 5l. The transmitting circuit comprises the spark gapA 55, condenser 56, transformer 57, 58, key59, switch 60, and generator 61 all as will be readily understood.

It is apparent when switch 60 is closed, switches B2 and B3 opened and key' 59 de'- pressed, that the transmitter current flows via the conductor 32 and spark gaps g and g g into all parts of the antennae, so that the action of said antennae is practically the same as that of a continuous conductoi. On the other hand if key 59 is opened and switches B2 and B3 are closed it is found that'by connecting one side of some one of the loops, for example loop C, by means ofits switch S11 to the primary of the receiving tuner Tand the other-side of said loop C as by means of switch S13l to the ground; that the `tuning coils. and condensers can be so adjusted that the signals from some one or moie stations will come in louder than when any of the other loops are similarly p longer loops through wire 34 without materially diminishing the signals from the. station sendin the short waves and vice versa. Further, i while the static charge is so strong as to jump a gl inch spari;` gap in conductor 32, switches B2 and B3 bein open; we close switchV 15'2 and ground oop G through wire 34 it is found if other loops are connected to the receiving instrument by closing switch B3 and some of the switches S,S3 etc., that signals can be read from low powered stations over ve hundred nautical l miles distant without being interfered with by staticcharges.

Itis evident that changes in the details of construction and in the arrangement of parts may be made by those skilled in the art with out departing from the spirit of my invention, and therefore I do not wish to be antenna when sending, substantially as described.

2. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combinationof a sending means; a receiv- 'ing means, a plurality of receiving antennae having diierent natural periods connected to said receiving means; and automatic connections with said sending means by which said antennae may be employed as a single antenna when sending, substantially as described.

3. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a sending means; a receiving means; a plurality of receiving antennae having dierent natural responsive periods; and means for so connecting said antennae with said sending means as to cause said antennae to act as a single antennae which sending, substantially as described.

4. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination ofa sending means, a receiving means, a plurality of receiving antennae having diliierent natural responsive periods; and automatic means for so connecting said antennae with said sending means as to cause said antennae to actasa single antenna while sending, substantially as described.

' 5. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a plurality of antennae of different inductances and capacities and therefore having different natural periods; and means adapted to insulate said antenna from each other for low potentials and to electrically connect said antennae together for high potentials, substantially as described.

6. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a plurality of antennae havv` ing diierent natural periods; and automatic means adapted to insulate said antennae from each other for low-potentials and to electrically connect said antennae together for high potentials, substantially as described.

7. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a plurality-of receiving antennae having different natural periods; air gaps for insulating said antennae fromeach other; a ground connection, and air gaps for@ insulating said antenn fromy said ground connection, substantially as described.

8. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a plurality of receiving antennae having different lnatural periods; air gaps for insulating said antenn from each other; a ground connection, air gaps for insulating said antenn from said ground connection, a second ground connection; and means for connecting any of 'said antennae to said second ground connection, substantially as described.

9. In a wireless telegraphic apparatus the combination of a plurality oi: receiving antennae having dieren't natural periods; air

gaps for insulating said antennae from each l joined to said antennae, substantially as deothel'; a sending apparatus; aA groundconscribed. 10 nection associated with said sending appa- In testimony whereof, I affix my signa- Iatus; connections between said sending apture, in presence of two Witnesses.Y

para'tus and said antennae; air gaps between ROBERT I-I. MARRIOTT.

said antennae and said connections; a second Witnesses:

ground connection adapted to be joined with MARY A. T. CoNNoLLY,

said antennae; and a receiving appaatus v ARTHUR J. EGAN. 

